A Study to assess the effectiveness of Video Assisted Teaching on knowledge regarding prevention of Stroke among Hypertensive Patients in selected Hospitals of Mehsana

 

Kaushal Patidar¹, Shalini Kalal²

¹Asso. Professor, Joitiba College of Nursing, Bhandu, Dist: Mehsana.

²Second Year M.Sc. Nursing Student, Joitiba College of Nursing, Bhandu, Dist: Mehsana.

 

ABSTRACT:

Background: Meeting the need for knowledge relating to the nature of stroke and risk factors for stroke is still a substantial challenge in the world. Gujarat has the highest burden of hypertension with 159,150 cases reported as on March 2015 out of a total number of 715, 382, working out to about 22 percent¹ and hypertension was the most common risk with affection of middle cerebral artery territory². Objective: 1. To assess the level of knowledge regarding prevention of stroke among hypertensive patients. 2. To assess the effectiveness of video assisted teaching on knowledge regarding prevention of stroke among hypertensive patients.3. To find out the association of the knowledge with their selected demographic variables. Design: A quantitative approach using pre experimental pre-test post-test design with one group. Participants: 60 hypertensive patients were selected using Non-Probability Convenient sampling technique in Mehsana. Interventions: Video assisted teaching was given to the hypertensive patient. Tool: Self Structured Questionnaire was used to assess the level of knowledge of hypertensive patient regarding prevention of stroke. Results: In this study overall the highest percentage in the demographic data including the Age group 60% (54-65y), Gender 63.33% (female), Occupation 40% (private-employee),  Religion 90 % (Hindu), Dietary practice 71.66% ( vegetarian), History of alcoholism 86.99% ( no), History of smoking 80% ( no), Duration of illness 40% (1-5y), Number of hospital visit 58.33% ( 1- 10 w). The post-test knowledge mean score (18.51±1.9) was higher than the mean pre-test knowledge score (12.33±1.95). The calculated ‘t’ value (24.56) was greater than the table value (2.00) at 0.05 level of significance. The Video assisted teaching was effective in increasing the knowledge of hypertensive patient regarding prevention of stroke. Conclusion: The findings of the study revealed that Video assisted teaching helps in improving knowledge regarding prevention of stroke among hypertensive patient.

 

 

 

 

 

 

INTRODUCTION:

Cerebrovascular accident is a very serious condition in which the brain is not receiving enough oxygen to function properly. A cerebrovascular accident is also called CVA, brain attack, cerebrovascular disease, cerebral infarction or stroke. A cerebrovascular accident often results in permanent serious complications and disability and is a common cause of death. Cerebrovascular disease is the third leading cause of death after heart disease and malignancy and it is estimated that an average of 500,000 new strokes will occur each year in the USA. Cerebrovascular disease is the most disabling of all neurologic diseases. Approximately 50 percentage of survivor have a residual neurologic deficit and greater than 25 percent require chronic care.  Stroke incidence and mortality are declining primarily due to the successful treatment of hypertension and control of risk factors.³

 

Of the 56.4 million deaths worldwide in 2015, more than half (54%) were due to the top 10 causes. Ischemic heart disease and stroke are the world’s biggest killers, accounting for a combined 15 million deaths in 2015. These diseases have remained the leading causes of death globally in the last 15 years.⁴

 

Annually, 15 million people worldwide suffer from a stroke. Out of these, 5 million attain optimal recovery, 5 million die, and 5 million suffer from a long lasting disability, placing a huge burden on families and communities.⁵

 

The prevalence of stroke in India was estimated as 203 per 100,000 populations above 20 years, amounting to a total of about 1 million cases. The male to female ratio was 1.7. Around 12% of all stroke occurred in population below 40 years. The estimation of stroke mortality was seriously limited by the method of classification of the cause of death in the country. The best estimate derived was 102,000 deaths; which represented1.2 % of total deaths in the country. The Indian subcontinent (including India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka and Nepal) is home to 20 percent of the world’s population and may be one of the regions with highest burden of Cardio Vascular Disease in the world.⁶

 

OBJECTIVES:

1.     To assess the level of knowledge regarding prevention of stroke among hypertensive patients.

2.     To assess the effectiveness of video assisted teaching on knowledge regarding prevention of stroke among hypertensive patients.

3.     To find out the association of the knowledge with their selected demographic variables.

 

HYPOTHESES:

1.     H₀: There will be no significant difference between knowledge score regarding prevention of stroke among hypertensive patients.         

2.     H₁: There will be significant difference between the knowledge regarding prevention of stroke among hypertensive patients.

 

MATERIAL AND METHOD:

Pre-experimental one group pre-test post-test research design and quantitative research approach was used to assess the effectiveness of video assisted teaching on knowledge regarding prevention of Stroke among hypertensive patients. Purposive convenient Sampling technique were used. A Structured knowledge questionnaire (close ended) was selected to assess the knowledge regarding prevention of Stroke among hypertensive patients.

 

MAJOR FINDINGS:

Highest percentages (60%) of hypertensive patient were in the age group of 54-65 year. Majority of sample belong to the Female category (63.33%). Majority of sample belong to Self-employment category (40%). Most of sample belong to the Hindu religion (90%). Majority (71.66%) sample were vegetarian. Majority (86.66%) sample were not use alcohol. Majority (80%) of sample do not smoke. Majority of sample belong to the 1-5 year of illness (40%).

 

Finding revealed that the post-test knowledge score was (18.51 ±1.9) which is (74.04%) apparently higher than the pre-test knowledge score (12.33 ± 1.95) which is (49.32%). It suggest that effectiveness of video assisted teaching (24.72%) in improving the knowledge of hypertensive patients regarding prevention of Stroke. It was found that there was no significance association between the selected demographic variable and pre– test knowledge score.

 

CONCLUSION:

The major conclusion drawn from this Study was that video assisted teaching found to be effective in improving the knowledge of hypertensive patients regarding prevention of Stroke.

 

REFRENCE:

1.      Gujarat has most diabeties, hypertension cases in India: Report [Internet]. New Delhi: Gujarat has most diabeties, hypertension cases in India: Report; 2015 September 22 [Update 2015 September 22; cited 2017 Aug 29]. Available from: https://news.mynahcare.com/.../highest-diabetes-hypertension-patients-live-in-gujarat-...

2.      Chirayu Vijaykumar Vaidya, Drusty Krishnasevak Majmudar. A clinical study of ischemic stroke from capital of Gujarat, India. Sehal online article, ORIGINAL ARTICLE [Internet]. 2015: [cited 2017 Aug 28] 18 (4): 177-181. Available from:  http://www.smjonline.org/text.asp?2015/18/4/177/176591

3.      Joyce M Black, Jane Hokanson Hawks. Medical Surgical Nursing. 7^th ed. St. Louis: Saunders an imprint of Elsevier Publication; 2005. 1707-1729.

4.      WHO | The top 10 causes of death - World Health Organization [Internet]. New York: WHO | The top 10 causes of death - World Health Organization; 2015 [Updated 2017 January; cited 2017 Aug 30]. Availanle from: www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs310/en/

5.      Burden of Stroke White Paper - Stroke Alliance for Europe [Internet]. New York: Burden of Stroke White Paper - Stroke Alliance for Europe ; 2004 [cited 2017 Aug 29]. Available from: safestroke.eu/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/FINAL_Burden_of_Stroke.pdf

6.      Krishnan Anand, Chowdhury D, singh K.B., Kapoor S.K. Estimation of Mortality and Morbidity due to Strokes in India [Internet]. [Place unknow]: [Publisher unknow]; 2001 Sep 1 [cited 2017 Aug 30]. Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/.../11853464_Estimation_of_Mortality_and_Morbidity_du...

 

 

 

 

 

Received on 20.08.2018         Modified on 16.09.2018

Accepted on 11.10.2018       ©A&V Publications All right reserved