A Correlative Study to assess the Parental Relationship with Academic Performance of Adolescents in selected Educational Institutions of Mangaluru

 

Sharin ND^1*, Akshya M², Amritha A², Aneeta J², Anju A², Anju B², Anju L², Anu J²

¹Lecturer, Department of Child Health Nursing Yenepoya Nursing College, Yenepoya deemed to be University, Deralakatte, Mangaluru.

²2^nd Year Post Basic Bsc (N) Students Yenepoya Nursing College, Yenepoya deemed to be University, Deralakatte, Mangaluru.

 

ABSTRACT:

Parental involvement is a complex process of behaviors, attitudes, and activities that occurs both within the school setting, but more importantly in the home. Understanding the factors that motivate parents became involves in their children’s education is useful as this will affect how school implements the policy calls for greater parental engagement. Parental involvement enables parents to take their role along with educators in the schooling of their adolescent child fitting together their knowledge of child teaching and learning with teacher’s knowledge with the parental involvement. Objectives of the study:

·      To assess the relationship of adolescents with parents and academic performance of adolescents

·      To correlate between the parental relationship and academic performance of adolescents

·                  To find an association between parental relationship and academic performance of adolescents with the selected socio-demographic variables Methodology: The quantitative research approach was used to determine the parent child relationship and academic performance of 100 adolescents. A self structured questionnaire to assess the parental relationship and self structured rating scale to assess academic performance of adolescents. The tool was validated by experts. The pre- testing and reliability of the tool was done before the pilot study. After the pilot study, main study was conducted in different settings. The data obtained was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: The study findings shows 95% of students having excellent parent child relationship and 5% of students having good parent child relationship. Majority of students (82%) having excellent academic performance and 18% of students having good academic performance. There is a positive correlation between parental relationship and academic performance of adolescents. There is a significant association between the parent child relationship with the age, gender, number of siblings, birth order. Data also shows there is no significant association between grade, religion, residence, type of family, monthly income. The study revealed that there is significant association of academic performance with the age, gender, type o family. Data also shows there is no significant association between grade, religion, residence, number of siblings, birth order, type of family monthly income. Calculated Chi-square value is lesser than the table value at 0.05 level of significance.

 

 

 

 

INTRODUCTION:

Parental involvement is a complex process of behaviors, attitudes, and activities that occurs both within the school setting, but more importantly in the home. Possibilities are created for the structure of school and good parent child relationship are mutually depended the academic performance of the adolescent^1. Parental involvement in school has been linked with academic achievement. Parental involvement may have essential in school-based activities of their children these activities may involve contact with teacher, checking the attendance in school, monitoring their activities in school, checking their periodical academic progress reports².

 

A recent study was conducted regarding relationship between academic achievement and parent-child relationship of 400 high school students in Tiruvallur district in Tamilnadu state -2016 indicates that there is a significant correlation between academic achievement and parent-child relationship scores³.One of the most important construct in the development of students’ social and academic achievement has been termed as parenting style. Parenting style is defined as a complex set of behaviours, attitude and emotional climate in which parents raise their children. Majority of studies have concluded a positive relationship between authoritative parenting style and students academic achievement, on the other hand authoritarian and permissive parenting styles are negatively related to academic outcome⁴.

 

This study will examine the aspects of “parental involvement” that leads to academic achievement in students such as: the type of parental involvement participation currently in school that have an impact on student achievement. How the socio economic status of the parents is factored in when suggesting parental involvement and support. Parents’ accountability to the school and at home will help the student for, supporting effective decisions as well as strategies to learning at home which leads to academic achievement⁵.

 

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

Data was collected from 100 samples of selected educational institution of Mangaluru. Non probability purposive sampling technique was used to select samples. Students who were between 10-18 years of age group were included in the study.

 

The hypothesis was tested at 0.05 level of significance.

H₁: There will be a correlation between parental relationship and academic performance of adolescents.

H₂: There will be a association between parental relationship with selected demographic variable.

H₃: There will be a association between academic performance with selected demographic variable.

 

 

 

A survey research approach and descriptive research design was adopted in this study to assess the parental relationship with the academic performance among adolescents. CronBach’s Alpha was used to check the internal consistency of the self structured parent child questionnaire and academic performance rating scale and the values were 0.79 and 0.75

 

The final tool was made to find the correlation between the parental relationship and academic performance of adolescents among the students of selected schools at Mangaluru.

 

Section A: Demographic Proforma:

Age, Gender, Grade, Religion, Residence, Birth order, Number of siblings, Family monthly income, Type of family.

 

Section B:

self structured parent child questionnaire to assess the parent child relationship

 

Section C:

self structured rating scale to assess academic performance

 

The scores were categorized arbitrarily as follows

 

Grade                              Percentage

Excellent                         70%Above

Good                                50-69%

Average                           30-49%

Poor                                 <30%

 

Pilot study revealed that 100% students had excellent relationship with parents and 90% students had excellent academic performance and 10% had good academic performance. The tool was found practicable, feasible, and no changes were made after the pilot study. Prior the data collection permission was obtained from the concerned authority from the selected educational institutions. Purpose of conducting the study was explained to the participants Assent was obtained from the participants. Data was collected by using modified and revised questionnaire for assessing parental relationship and academic performance of adolescents.

 

RESULT:

Description of demographic proforma

Majority (81%) of students belongs to between the age group of 13-15 and (94%) students were females, (98%) of students belongs to Muslim religion, residing in nuclear family structure (80%), (35%) of students were fist child in the family. The monthly income of the students family is above 20000 (29%) and 100001-15000 is about 26%. Most students having two and more than two siblings (39%).

 

 

Figure 1: Pie diagram showing the description of parent child relationship with adolescents

 

 

Figure 2: Pie diagram showing description of academic performance of adolescents.

 

Table 1: Correlation between parental relationship and academic performance

Variables	Mean	Standerd deviation	“r” value
Parental relationship of adolescence	1.05	.21	+1
Academic performance of adolescents	1.18	.38

 

There is a positive correlation between parental relationship and academic performance of adolescents.

 

Table 2: Association between parental relationship with demographic variables

Sl.no	Demographic variables	Chi-square	Df	Inference
1	Age	38.44	1	S
2	Gender	37.44	1	S
3	Grade	0.21	1	Ns
4	Religion	0.42	2	Ns
5	Residence	0.63	2	Ns
6	No. of siblings	34.24	3	S
7	Birth order	11.120	3	S
8	Type of family	051	2	Ns
9	Monthly income	5.80	3	Ns

 

 

Table shows that there is a significant association between the age, gender, number of siblings, birth order. Calculated Chi-square value is greater than the table value at 0.05 level of significance. Data also shows there is no significant association between grade, religion, residence, type of family, monthly income. Calculated Chi-square value is lesser than the table value at 0.05 level of significance.

 

Table 3: Association between academic performance with demographic variables

Slno	Demographic variables	Chi-square	Df	Inference
1	Age	24.49	1	S
2	Gender	0.76	1	S
3	Grade	0.151	1	Ns
4	Religion	0.305	2	Ns
5	Residence	0.462	2	Ns
6	No. of siblings	1.874	3	Ns
7	Birth order	1.54	3	Ns
8	Type of family	102.86	2	S
9	Monthly income	1.453	2	Ns

 

Table shows that there is a significant association between the age, gender, type o family. Calculated Chi-square value is greater than the table value at 0.05 level of significance. Data also shows there is no significant association between grade, religion, residence, number of siblings, birth order, type of family monthly income. Calculated Chi-square value is lesser than the table value at 0.05 level of significance.

 

DISCUSSION:

Correlation between parental relationship and academic performance:

Current study shows there is a positive correlation between the parent child relationship and academic performance. The findings were similar to the study was conducted to focus on academic achievement among adolescent in relation to parent-child relationship among 100 adolescents that is 50 boys and 50 girls in the age group of 14 to 16 years. Results indicated that adolescent boys and girls share different relationship with their parents and this relationship affect their academic achievement. Overall, boys scored higher on academic achievements as compare to girls⁶.

 

Association between parental relationship with demographic variables:

The current study depict there is a significant association between the age, gender, number of siblings, birth order. Calculated Chi-square value is greater than the table value at 0.05 level of significance. Data also shows there is no significant association between grade, religion, residence, type of family, monthly income. Calculated Chi-square value is lesser than the table value at 0.05 level of significance. These findings are similar to the study conducted at Germany in 2016 shows that association of over weight with PIU and suggest the importance of formulating preventive public health policies that target physical health policies that target physical health, education and sedentary online life style early in adolescents with special attention to boys⁷.

 

 

 

Association between academic performance with demographic variables:

Present study shows that there is a significant association between the age, gender, type o family. Calculated Chi-square value is greater than the table value at 0.05 level of significance. Data also shows there is no significant association between grade, religion, residence, number of siblings, birth order, type of family monthly income. Calculated Chi-square value is lesser than the table value at 0.05 level of significance. Similar study was conducted in Hong Kong to examine the association to parental educational involvement at home and in school with academic performance, psychological health among 507 students. The result showed that home based parental educational involvement was positively associated with children language competence and psychological we being⁸.

 

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5.     Krishna y. smith. The impact of parental involvement of student achievement. The university of southern california.2011;1-155

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Received on 29.10.2018       Modified on 15.11.2018

Accepted on 03.12.2018       ©A&V Publications All right reserved