A Study to Assess the Effectiveness of Planned Teaching Programme on anger Management among Adolescent Students at a selected School in Guwahati

 

Ms. Mary Sonowal

2^nd Year M.Sc Nursing, Mental Health Nursing Department, Regional College of Nursing, Indrapur Guwahati – 32

 

ABSTRACT:

Adolescence is a stage when young people extend relationships beyond their parents and family. It is a time of intense influence of peers, and the outside world in the society. A desire to experiment and explore can manifest in a range of behaviors-exploring sexual relationships, alcohol, tobacco and other substances abuse. The anxiety and stress associated with achievement failure, lack of confidence etc are likely to lead to depression, anger, violence and other mental health problems. A pre experimental research study was carried out to evaluate the effectiveness of a planned teaching programme on anger management for adolescent students. A total of 60 adolescents students of 12 to 15 years of age were drawn by multiple sampling techniques (i.e 20 from class 7^th, 20 from class 8^th and 20 from class 9^th). Data was collected using Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and Adolescent Anger Checklist (AACL). Pretest data collection was followed by five days anger management programme and post test assessment with the same tools. There was significant decrease in anger levels in D1 ‘intensity’, D2 ‘frequency’, D ‘mode of expression’, D4 ‘duration”, and D5 ‘effect on inter personal relationships’. The reduction in the level of anger was seen through the mean score comparison between pre test and post test. The mean difference between the pre- test and post- test anger level was 19.10. In order to find the difference statistically “t” value was computed (t₅₉ = 15.96) showed that the tabulated t-value (df =59) was less then calculated t-value. The mean difference between pretest VAS and AACL was -.0005 and post test mean difference was -.0015.

 

 

 

INTRODUCTION:

“Adolescence is like having only enough light to see the step directly in front of you.”

 

It is a period in which there are dramatic changes, and as a result of such changes an individual’s perception of the world is altered. It is well documented that there are emotional ups and downs during this period.

 

Adolescents are angered when their physical or social activities are prevented or in the case of an attack on their personalities, positions, or status in society. An adolescent may display anger when they are criticized, embarrassed, underestimated, or ignored and perceive such situations as threats to his/her already extremely sensitive personality. For adolescents, the anger stimulus is social. For this reason, adolescents and their families may have conflicts with society. During adolescence period the emotions are very fragile and it can be inevitable that with anger¹. Anger is one of the most basic emotions. Alongside happiness, sadness, fear and disgust, it has played an important part in our evolution. It is pervasive and powerful². It is also widely misunderstood and ignored.  Anger is made of two components: one is an idea that there's something wrong, and the other is that someone else is to blame. The difference in adolescence is the struggle behind the anger.

 

NEED FOR THE STUDY:

Anger and its expression represent a major health problem for children and adolescent today. A World Health Report released by WHO in December (2001)³ stated that 12% of children in India below 16 years have behavioral problems. As per Central Intelligence Agency (2013)⁴, about 221 million Indian adolescents sheer amoral nature of aggressive behavior and violence

 

Anger leading to violence is a recognized health disparity among adolescent populations. Prevalence reports shows that anger-related problems such as oppositional behavior, violence and physical aggression are some of the most common reasons why children are referred to mental health services. Studies and statistics show that approximately 1 in 8 adolescents may be suffering from depression, a very scary statistic. Even more frightening is that only about 30% of these children who are suffering emotional turmoil are receiving any treatment for it⁵. Anger management for the teenagers is becoming a real issue in the 21^st century⁶. The National Youth Violence Prevention Center has compiled twelve  list of warning signs which indicates a teen having anger managing  issue i.e : Frequent loss of temper over small issues, Frequent physical fighting with friends, acquaintances and family members, Damaging property while in a fit of anger, use of drugs, alcohol, written plans for violent acts, carrying weapons, been the victim of school bullies, gang affiliations, failure to acknowledge the feelings of others ,fascination with weapons and cruelty to animals³.

 

OBJECTIVES:

·        To assess the anger level of students by using Visual Analogue scale and Adolescent Anger Checklist.

·        To evaluate the effect of ‘planned teaching programme’ on anger management among students of selected school in Guwahati.

·        To compare the anger score between Visual Analogue scale and Adolescent Anger Checklist.

 

HYPOTHESIS:

H₁:

There will be a significant difference between pre and post-test level of anger among the students of 7^th, 8^th and 9^th class admitted at selected school of Guwahati.

 

MATERIAL AND METHODS:

Research Approach:

Pre experimental quantitative research approach

 

Research Design:

One group pre test post design.

 

Target Population:

Adolescent students of class 7^th, 8^th, 9^th studying in Kendriya Vidyalaya Narangi

 

Sampling technique:

Stratified Simple Random Sampling

 

Tool:

1.      Visual Analogue Scale (VAS):

The VAS is a line marked from 0-10, at an interval of one centimetre each. Zero indicated no anger and 10 indicated maximum amount of anger experienced. 

 

2.      Anger Assessment Checklist(AACL): 

The checklist consists of 35 items for adolescents to find out the subjects report of their anger. The items were divided into following parameters.

a.      Intensity

b.      Frequency

c.      Mode of expression

d.      Duration

e.      Effect upon inter personal relations

 

Scheme of data collection:

·        Administration of the pre test.

·        Administration of the PTP on the same day of the pre test for five consecutive days.

·        Administration of the post test on 8^th day.

 

Data Analysis:

Descriptive Statistics and Inferential Statistics

 

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION:

The findings of the study as on VAS revealed that  46.66% of the subjects  considered themselves to have severe anger and 45% in the group reported to have moderate level of anger while only 8.33 % of the samples reported to have mild level of anger and mean score was found to be 6.4 indicating moderate level of anger. The findings also indicates that the mean post-test anger score (4.40) on VAS is less than the mean pre-test anger score (6.40). Further analysis with paired ‘t’ test showed significant difference between pre test anger level and post test anger level scores (t₅₉ =15.625, p < 0.01). Positive outcomes for the treatment groups were indicated by statistically significant changes in the adolescent students.

 

Results of  AACL revealed that “mode of expression” of anger was the major concern followed by “intensity”, “frequency”, “effect on relationship”, and “duration”. The findings on AACL also showed significant differences in anger level in all the dimensions of the anger. The pre test mean on “intensity” is 19.92 and post test mean is 15.92. On “frequency” the mean pretest score is 16.23 and post test mean is 13.20. On “mode of expression” the mean pretest score is 37.92 and post test mean is 30.25. On “duration” the mean pretest score is 7.82 and the post test mean is 6.28. On “effect on relationship” the mean pretest score is 12.32 and the post test mean is 9.45. The overall mean pretest score was found to be 94.20 and post test mean was 75.10 with reduction in anger level to be 19.10. and paired ‘t’ test between pre test anger level and post test anger level scores (t₅₉ =15.96, p < 0.01). Significant p-value of ‘t’ on VAS and AACL accepts the research hypothesis. Thus revealing significant impact of PTP in managing anger by the adolescents.

 

Table 1 : Mean and SD between pre test T score AACL and pre test T score VAS and between post test T score AACL and post test T score VAS.                                                            N=60

	T score anger  (level)	Mean	Std Dev	Std Err Mean
Pre Test	AACL	49.99A	14.08	1.81
	VAS	50 A	10.06	1.29
Post Test	AACL	49.99A	10.08	1.30
	VAS	50 A	10.11	1.30

 

Levels connected by same letter (A) are not significantly different.

 

Figure 1: Graphical comparison of  T-score test of pre test VAS and pre test AACL.

 

Figure 2: Graphical comparison of T-score test of post test VAS and post test AACL.

 

CONCLUSION:

Anger continues to be a major problem in many parts of the world. The most vulnerable group is adolescents falling between the age group of thirteen to eighteen. Based on the findings of the study it is inferred that mode of anger expression in high school students falling between the age group of 12-15 years is significantly high and anger management programme is an effective strategy in reducing the level of anger among adolescent students. The planned teaching programme could reduce the anger level of subjects considerably. The comparison made with the mean pre-test and post test confirms that the intervention was effective.

 

REFERENCES:

1.     Khanikor SM. Anger management : INC Newsletter; sep 2011: vol 3

2.     Dittman M. Anger across the gender divide. APA Monitor on Psychology. 2003Mar; 34(3):34-40.

3.     Vasudev S. Society and trends: the angry child. India today. 2002 Aug; p12.

4.     Saha K. Indian Streams Research Journal Vol 4 : April 2014

5.     Maslow, A. H., "The Dynamics of Psychological Security-Insecurity". Journal of Personality: 10 (4): pp331–344.

6.     Thomas SP. Managing teen anger: Oct 31,2013:http://www.deccanherald. 3661

 

 

 

Received on 25.08.2017          Modified on 25.09.2017

Accepted on 16.10.2017          © A&V Publications all right reserved