Effectiveness of Planned Teaching Programme regarding Polycystic Ovarian Disease among Adolescent Girls.

 

Dr. Prof. Mrs. Anitharajendrababu¹, Mrs. Mini Abraham²

¹Principal, Department of Pediatric Health Nursing, Rajalakshmi College of Nursing,

²Assistant Professor, Department of Obstetrical and Gynecological Nursing, Rajalakshmi College of Nursing,

 

ABSTRACT:

Objective: Polycystic Ovarian Disease (PCOD) is a common problem among adolescent girls. It is an alarming sign for infertility and it needs more awareness regarding it. So this study aims to assess the effectiveness of planned teaching Programme regarding the knowledge on Polycystic Ovarian Disease among adolescent girls in Rajalakshmi College of Nursing at Thandalam, Chennai. Method: The Standardized structured questionnaire was given to assess the existing knowledge on PCOD to 60 students and the planned teaching programme was given following it for about 30 minutes. The post- test was done after seven days. Those collected data were analyzed.  Results: The results showed that, 52 (86.67%) of the adolescent girls had inadequate knowledge, 08 (13.33%) had moderate knowledge, and none of them had adequate knowledge on polycystic ovarian disease in  pre-test, whereas in post-test 07 (11.67%) had moderate knowledge, 53(83.33%) had adequate and none of them had inadequate knowledge regarding Polycystic Ovarian Disease. Conclusion: The results showed that Planned teaching Programme was effective to create awareness and to increase knowledge among the adolescent girls.

 

 

 

 

 

INTRODUCTION:

Polycystic ovarian syndrome is a systemic, complex disorder that needs to be actively managed by them for the rest of their life.¹ they need to go to a deeper level and develop certain health practices that will help their body to naturally minimize the symptoms and long-term risks of polycystic ovarian disease.  PCOD is currently considered as a lifestyle disorder affecting 2.2-26% of young girls in their reproductive age in India.

 

A study conducted on 460 girls in the age group of 15-18 years from a residential college of Andhra Pradesh reported a prevalence of 9.13% in Indian adolescents.  According to PCOD foundation, established in the US to spread awareness regarding PCOD among public, a vast majority of US population has no knowledge of PCOS, including many women and adolescent girls are affected by PCOS. Females must be aware of symptoms, health precautions and risk for disease associated with PCOS, to help prevent future complication². Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a very common endocrine disorder encountered in women and is associated with problems, such as menstrual irregularities; hirsutism; obesity; insulin resistance; acne; and, in later life, infertility with diabetes mellitus and uterine cancer. Early diagnosis is necessary for early interventions to minimize the immediate and chronic consequences³. A study finding shows that adolescent girls with Polycystic Ovarian disease have an increased risk of the metabolic syndrome associated with increasing androgen levels, independent of obesity and insulin resistance⁴. A current scientific research, reported that the prevalence of Polycystic Ovarian Disease may be as high as 11.2% in girls of reproductive years. Among this group, adolescence girls makeup a large part, perhaps as high as 50% of young girls. Life style modification in polycystic ovarian disease is very important, because sedentary lifestyle and lack of exercise and fast food consumption by the ladies are leading to rise in case of polycystic ovarian disease especially among urban adolescents girls⁵. As the significant prevalence of polycystic ovarian syndrome among adolescents girls increases and there is a need to take measures to create awareness and to improve their lifestyle at the appropriate time. Thus this study is aimed to help adolescent girls by assessing their knowledge, with a view to change their lifestyle by providing necessary information, so as to help them to create awareness about the polycystic ovarian disease.

 

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES:

Objectives of the study are:

1.     To assess the pre-test and post-test level of knowledge on polycystic ovarian disease among adolescent girls.

2.     To find out the comparison between pre- test and post- test level of knowledge on Polycystic Ovarian Disease among adolescent girls. 

3.     To find out the association between the post-test levels of knowledge on polycystic ovarian disease among adolescent girls with selected demographic variables.

 

Inclusion Criteria:

1.     Adolescent girls who are willing to participate in the study.

2.     Those who are available during data collection.

3.     Adolescent girls who can read and write English.

 

Exclusion Criteria:

1.     Adolescent girls who are not willing to participate in the study.

2.     Adolescent girls who cannot read and write English.

 

MATERIAL AND METHODS:

Research design used in this study was pre-experimental (one group pre-test and post-test) research design.

 

O₁ X O₂

O₁ : Pre-test knowledge of adolescent girls regarding PCOD

 

X: Treatment (planned teaching Programme regarding PCOD)

 

O₂ : Post-test knowledge of adolescent girls regarding PCOD

 

In pre-test, the questionnaire was given to assess the existing knowledge on PCOD and on the same day the planned teaching Programme was given for about 30 minutes by using adequate audio visual aids and 10 minutes was given for discussion.  The post- test data was done after seven days by using the same questionnaire to find out the effectiveness of teaching Programme. The population selected for this study was 60 adolescent girls between the age group of 18 – 20 years in Rajalakshmi College of Nursing.  Non – probability (purposive) sampling technique was used for select the samples. The tool used for this study was planned teaching Programme, demographic variable Performa and structured questionnaire to assess the knowledge on polycystic ovarian syndrome among adolescent girls. Data collection was done for the period of one week. The permission was obtained from the chair person and Principal, Rajalakshmi College of nursing to conduct the study. The samples who met the inclusion criteria were selected based on Non- probability purposive sampling technique. The investigator met the samples and explained the purpose of study. Researcher assured the confidentially and anonymity and consent was obtained from the samples.  The investigator met the samples and collected the data by using structured questionnaire. The researcher selected the sample and pre-test was conducted. After planned teaching Programme on polycystic ovarian disease was done. After one week post-test was conducted to the sample.

 

OBSERVATION AND RESULTS:

The first objective of the study was to assess the pre-test and post-test level of knowledge on polycystic ovarian disease among adolescent girls.

 

 

Table 1: Distribution of pre-test and post-test level of knowledge on polycystic ovarian disease among adolecsent girls. N: 60

 

Pramila D’ Souza (2013)⁶ had conducted a study on knowledge regarding PCOS among adolescent girls aged  between 14-16 years at Gerosa English medium school. One group pretest research design was used and samples are selected by convenient sampling technique. Structured questionnaire was used to assess the knowledge. The result showed that there was inadequate knowledge on PCOD among the school children. After the administration of planned teaching programme. Post-test measure showed that was in overall gain in knowledge score. The second objective of the study was to find out the comparison between pre- test and post- test level of knowledge on Polycystic Ovarian Disease among adolescent girls.

 

Table 2: Comparison of Pre-test and Post-test level of knowledge on polycystic ovarian disease among adolescent girls. N: 60

Comparison	Mean	Standard  Deviation-(s.d)	‘z’ Value
Pre- test	11.4	3.68	‘Z’= 24.34
Post-test	27.1	3.38

 

The third objective of the study was to find out the association between the post-test levels of knowledge on polycystic ovarian disease among adolescent girls with selected demographic variables, showed that there was significant association between the post-test levels of knowledge with the selected demographic variables.

 

DISCUSSION:

First Objective:

In pre-test 52 (86.67%) had inadequate knowledge, 08 (13.33%) had moderate knowledge on Polycystic Ovarian Disease. In post-test level of knowledge 07 (11.67%) had moderate knowledge and 53 (83.33%) had adequate knowledge regarding Polycystic Ovarian Disease.

 

Second Objective:

In pre-test mean value was 11.4 with standard deviation of 3.68. Regarding the post-test the mean value was 27.1 with the standard deviation of 3.38.  The ‘Z’-test was used to find out the comparison of pre-test and post-test level of knowledge and it was 24.34.The calculated value (24.34) was greater than the table value (2.0) at P<0.05 % level of significant. Hence research hypothesis is accepted.

 

Third Objective:

It is statistically found that there was significant association between the religion, residence, type of family, education of the father, occupation of the father, occupation of the  mother, source of information at post-test level of knowledge at P<0.05 level of significant. There is no association between age (in years), education of the mother and the family income. Judy Griffin Mc cook et al., (2013)⁷ conducted a cross sectional study regarding quality of life in women with polycystic ovarian disease. The result of this study indicates that women with PCOD have the greatest concern in the area of weight, followed by menstrual problems and infertility. These concerns are directly reflected in their objectives of life experience. A woman with PCOD clearly needs education and supports regarding the effect of their quality of life.

 

CONCLUSION:

The study was done to assess effectiveness of planned teaching Programme regarding knowledge on polycystic ovarian disease among adolescent girls. The overall findings of the study showed significant improvement in the knowledge regarding polycystic ovarian disease. This type of education Programme could bring a change in awareness among adolescent girls on polycystic ovarian disease.

 

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS:

Authors are thankful to the Management of Rajalakshmi College of Nursing and faculties, for providing the permission and the facilities for this study.

 

REFERENCES:

1.     Newsletter on “natural health solutions for polycystic ovarian syndrome” www.ovarian-cysts-pcos.com.

2.     PCOS Foundation. www.pcosfoundation/about.org

3.     Nivetha. M and Susan .G. Suganya, Survey of Poly Cystic Ovarian Disease (PCOD) Among the Girl Students of Bishop Heber College, Trichirapalli, Tamil Nadu, India. IOSR Journal of Nursing and Health Science (IOSR-JNHS) e-ISSN: 2320–1959.p- ISSN: 2320–1940 Volume 5, Issue 4 Ver. I (Jul. - Aug. 2016), PP 44-52 www.iosrjournals.org

4.     Adrea.D.Coviello.et.al.(2006) “Adolesent girls with PCOS have an increased risk of the metabolic syndrome associated with increasing levels”. The Journal Of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism. 91(2); 492-497.

5.     Robert.J.Norman.et.al.(2002) “The role of lifestyle modification in polycystic ovary syndrome” Trends in endocrinology and metabolism. volume 13,issue 6,p-251-257.

6.     Pramila D’ Souza. A study to assess the effectiveness of planned teaching programme on polycystic ovarian syndrome among adolescent girls in selected high school at Mangalore. NIJHS. Nitte university journal of health science. Vol 3, No 3 ,Sep 2013.ISSN 2249-7110.

7.     Judy Griffin McCook.et.al.(2005).Health-related quality of life issues in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Journal of obstetrics, gynecologic and neonatal nursing. Vol 34,Issue-1,p-12-20.

 

 

 

Received on 18.01.2017          Modified on 14.02.2017

Accepted on 28.03.2017          © A&V Publications all right reserved